Coop Himmelb(l)au

Coop Himmelb(l)au
Akron Art Museum
Akron, Ohio



The concept of museums has changed radically since the miracle chamber ("Wunderkammer") of
Rudolf II and Ferdinand II in the 16th century.
The museum of today is no longer conceived only as an institution for the storage and display of
knowledge, it is an urban concept. The museum of the future is a three-dimensional sign in the
city which exhibits the content of our visual world. Museums are no longer only exhibition spaces
to display diverse forms of digital and analog visual information, but they also function as spaces
that cater to urban experiences.

The building is broken up into 3 parts: the Crystal, the Gallery Box, and the Roof Cloud.
The Crystal serves as the main entry and operates as an orientation and connection space serving
both the new and old buildings. It is a grand, flexible space that can also be used for banquets,
arts festivals, and events hosted by outside organizations. The traditional idea of a banquet hall as
an enclosed isolated event space dissolves away into a visible, public experience.

The energy necessary for lighting, heating and cooling the Crystal is minimized by strategic
building massing and extensive daylighting. The mass and location of the Gallery Box and High
Roof protect the southern oriented Crystal glazing from direct sunlight. At the same time the
reflectivity of the façade material raises natural light levels in the Crystal and reduces the need to
power artificial light sources.

The Crystal utilizes microclimate zones as a heating and cooling concept. These different zones are
determined by analyzing the type and anticipated length of occupancy in various areas of the
crystal and are conditioned through optimization of active and passive means. By eliminating the
need to condition the entire air volume in the Crystal, and by focusing the energy used to
condition the space in the areas where people are located, operating costs and energy use are
significantly reduced.

The interior of the Gallery Box is an expansive space which has very few columns and is therefore
extremely flexible for varying exhibition requirements. A large freight elevator brings oversized
works to and from the storage areas and serves as a link between the loading dock and Gallery
Box. Natural light is eliminated in the galleries so that it can be strictly controlled and damage
from sunlight can be eliminated.

The floors of the Gallery Box and Crystal are composed of poured in place concrete slabs with
water filled tubes that supply heating and cooling by changing temperature state of the massive
floor slab. This radiant floor system is more efficient than simple forced air systems because it
uses the mass of the concrete as a storage device which delivers a stable continuous source of
heating and cooling. Forced air systems are much less efficient than radiant systems because of
the extra work required by the system when occupancy loads suddenly change and create a far
higher burden of use of non-renewable resources.
The Roof Cloud, which hovers above the building, creates a blurred envelope for the museum
because of its sheer mass and materiality. It encloses interior space , provides shade for exterior
spaces, and operates as a horizontal landmark in the city